nato command structure 2019

NATO has much to offer the WPS community as a political organization, international standard-setter, and military alliance with the ability to bring like-minded states into a command structure. In Europe the Regional Commands were replaced by JFC Brunssum and JFC Naples, and the JSRCs disappeared (though the Madrid JSRC became a land command for JFC Naples). [42] The NATO Handbook stated in 1990s editions that it was responsible for the defence of the US-Canada area and meets alternatively in Washington, D.C. and Ottawa. Naval Forces Europe and U.S. Young, Reforming NATO's Military Structures, 7. Recommendations from the study for a new, streamlined structure emerged in 1996. The second guiding document, the NATO strategic commands’ Bi-strategic Command Directive 040-001: Integrating UNSCR 1325 and Gender Perspective into the NATO Command Structure,6 guides military imple-mentation. [24] SACEUR also has operational command of the Joint Support and Enabling Command.[25]. TRIDENT JUPITER is a high-intensity computer-assisted command post exercise (CAX/CPX), the first of a three-part training campaign allowing command teams and staffs to practice Small and Major Joint Operations Plus. [26] The European allies had become concerned about the possibility of a loosening of U.S. ties to NATO if there were no longer any U.S.-led NATO HQ in the United States, and the refocusing of the Atlantic command into a transformation command was the result. He is NATO's principal maritime adviser and has operational Command of NATO's Standing Naval Forces. During the visit, Blotz attended a meeting with Rear Admiral Jan C. Kaack, Commander JWC, and received detailed briefings about how the Centre conducts exercises and training events for the headquarters of the NATO Command Structure … Project Steering Committees and Project Offices, including: Alliance Ground Surveillance Capability Provisional Project Office (AGS/PPO), Battlefield Information Collection and Exploitation System (BICES), NATO Continuous Acquisition and Life Cycle Support Office (CALS), Division of Political Affairs and Security Policy, NATO Headquarters Consultation, Command and Control Staff (NHQC3S), Office of the Financial Controller (FinCon), Office of the Chairman of the Senior Resource Board (SRB), Office of the Chairman of the Civil and Military Budget Committees (CBC/MBC)), International Board of Auditors for NATO (IBAN), NATO Production and Logistics Organizations (NPLO). A key step in establishing the NATO Command Structure was the North Atlantic Council's selection of General Dwight D. Eisenhower as the first Supreme Allied Commander Europe (SACEUR) in December 1950. Allied Command Transformation (ACT) is based in the former Allied Command Atlantic headquarters in Norfolk, Virginia , United States. Multinational Division Southeast was activated on 1 December 2015. In June 2018, NATO Defence Ministers decided to adapt the Alliance’s command structure with a new North Atlantic command in Norfolk, Virginia and a new command for support and logistics in Ulm, Germany. Articles (2018) NATO: Backstage at Allied ­Command Transformation. Dr. Thomas-Durell Young, Reforming NATO's Military Structures: The Long-Term Study and Its Implications for Land Forces, Strategic Studies Institute, May 1, 1998. SHAPE, Belgium - Exercise TRIDENT JUPITER 19-1 started on Monday, Nov 4, 2019 at Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe, Belgium. The secretary general of NATO is an international diplomat, the chief civil servant of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). All missions support NATO’s strategic concepts of Collective Defence, … “Last year, TRIDENT JUPITER 2019-1 provided ample opportunity to challenge the Training Audiences through a fictitious but very realistic scenario. In June 2009 Le Figaro named the French officer who was to take command of ACT following France's return to the NATO Military Command Structure. The command in Ulm will ensure NATO can move troops more quickly across Europe in a crisis situation. Directly responsible to SACEUR is the NATO Airborne Early Warning Force at NATO Air Base Geilenkirchen in Germany where a jointly funded fleet of E-3 Sentry AWACS airborne radar aircraft is located. The Boeing C-17 Globemaster IIIs of the Strategic Airlift Capability, which became fully operational in July 2009, are based at Pápa airfield in Hungary. Among its main tasks will be to provide security, freedom of movement and support for NATO forces moving across Europe. [18] The headquarters of the two Regional Commands were known as Regional Headquarters South (RHQ South) and RHQ NORTH respectively. In this it serves as a coordinating body between the Civilian and Military organizational bureaucracies of NATO. At the Brussels Summit in May 2018, heads of state and government endorsed an adapted NATO Command Structure to include a new Joint Force Command … The LLMC was attended by 22 students from NATO Command Structure HQs, CoEs and Allied Nations who already had an advanced level of Lessons Learned (LL) expertise. In 1995 NATO began a Long Term Study to examine post-Cold War strategy and structure. SHAPE was established at Rocquencourt, west of Paris. The NATO Committee on Gender Perspectives (NCGP) held its 2019 NCGP Plenary Meeting, Sept. 30 to Oct. 3, at U.S. European Command (USEUCOM) in Stuttgart. It is in charge of all Air and Space matters from northern Norway to southern Italy and from the Azores to eastern Turkey. The British post of Commander in Chief Mediterranean Fleet was given a dual-hatted role as NATO Commander in Chief of Allied Forces Mediterranean in charge of all forces assigned to NATO in the Mediterranean Area. SHAPE was moved to Casteau, north of the Belgian city of Mons. Coleridge (UK), who is also Secretary to the Council. On 3 July 2017, the new division reached initial operational capability (IOC). Among the new JSRCs was Joint Headquarters Southwest, which was activated in Madrid in September 1999. In addition to the main divisions there are three other offices working directly to the Secretary General. .. On the Staff side there are three main divisions corresponding to the three principal aspects of NATO's work, each under an Assistant Secretary General. In due course the CINCHAN role was assumed by the British Commander-in-Chief Fleet. The new command will help to speed up, coordinate and safeguard the movement of allied armour and infantry across European borders. The NATO Military Committee advises and assists the NAC on military matters. Often taken for granted, the Alliance's integrated command structure provides the basis for NATO's collective defense, and increasingly, as seen in Bosnia, its ability to undertake peace support operations. Sean Maloney, 'To Secure Command of the Sea,' University of New Brunswick thesis, 1991, p.258-261, Barbara Starr, 'Cold War Battle Orders Make Way for a New NATO Era,', Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe, NATO Eurofighter and Tornado Management Agency, NATO Airborne Early Warning and Control Programme Management Organisation, NATO Consultation, Command and Control Agency, NATO Communications and Information Systems Services Agency, NATO Electronic Warfare Advisory Committee, NATO Research and Technology Organisation, Munitions Safety Information Analysis Center, Committee of Chiefs of Military Medical Services in NATO, Allied Land Component Command Headquarters Heidelberg, Joint Analysis and Lessons Learned Centre, Battlefield Information Collection and Exploitation Systems, Crisis Response Operations in NATO Operating Systems, Combined Federated Battle Laboratories Network, NATO Communications and Information Agency, "NATO Handbook. Sep 17, 2019. paolo. At the military/civilian strategic level, missions are commanded by an operation headquarters (OHQ). In 2012–2013, the Military Command Structure was reorganised. JFC Naples has its land component in Madrid, air component at İzmir, Turkey, and its naval component, Allied Maritime Command Naples, in Naples, Italy. The commander of Allied Command Operations retained the title "Supreme Allied Commander Europe", and remains based at SHAPE at Casteau. Ulm is already home to Germany’s Multinational Joint Headquarters, which plans and exercises command and control of crisis management operations for NATO, the European Union and the United Nations. This article outlines the command and control (C2) structure of the European Union's (EU) missions, which are deployed as part of the Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP). Apr NATO Security Mechanisms. Allied Force Command Madrid was disestablished on 1 July 2013, the Heidelberg force command also deactivated,[29] the maritime component command at Naples was closed[30] and the air component command at Izmir also shut down. He joined the Royal Navy in 1984 as a helicopter pilot. Six NATO Force Integration Units would also be established to coordinate preparations for defence of new Eastern members of NATO.[33]. The new command will help to speed up, coordinate and safeguard the movement of allied armour and infantry across … On 7 June 2018 the Secretary-General said a new JFC will have its headquarters in Norfolk, Virginia, in the United States. The goal is to have it stood up by 2019, with full manning of more than 300 NATO military personnel come 2020. The top U.S. military commander in Europe says the U.S. military will have a more productive role in NATO as a means of protecting Europe against two … NATO Headquarters C3 Staff (NHQC3S), which supports the North Atlantic Council, Military Committee, International Staff, and the International Military Staff. [12][13] The establishment of this post, and the agreement that it was to be filled by the British Commander-in-Chief, Portsmouth, was part of the compromise that allowed an American officer to take up the SACLANT post. Each was to supervise air, naval, and land commands for their region as well as a number of Joint Subregional Commands (JSRCs). It is headed by the Supreme Allied Commander Transformation (SACT), a French officer. ", "Deactivation ceremony of Allied Maritime Command Naples", "NATO deactivates allied air command Izmir headquarters Turkey", "NATO Activates New Multinational Division Southeast Headquarters in Bucharest, Romania", "Multinational Division North East - Multinational Division North East Headquarters achieved Initial Capability", "Multinational Division North East - Mission", "US, Germany likely home to new NATO commands", "US Navy's Top Admiral Cites Increased Threat in Ocean Nearest Washington", Final Communique of the First Session of the North Atlantic Council, Terms of Reference and Organisation, Summary of the NATO Military Command Structure and Terms of Reference and Areas of Responsibility of Major NATO Commanders and their Immediate Subordinate Commanders, Jorge Benitez, "Details of NATO's new agency structure", "Evolution of NATO's Command Structure 1951-2009", http://www.nato.int/nato_static/assets/pdf/pdf_2011_06/20110609-Backgrounder_Command_Structure.pdf, "Transforming the NATO Military Command Structure: A New Framework for Managing the Alliance's Future", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Structure_of_NATO&oldid=1011789100, Articles with dead external links from July 2018, Articles with French-language sources (fr), Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Allied Land Forces Schleswig-Holstein and Jutland (LANDJUT), in, Allied Land Forces in Zealand (LANDZEALAND), in, Allied Air Forces Baltic Approaches (AIRBALTAP), in Karup, Denmark, Allied Naval Forces Baltic Approaches (NAVBALTAP), in Karup, Denmark, Naval Striking and Support Forces Southern Europe (STRIKFORSOUTH), afloat, centered around, Submarine Force Eastern Atlantic (SUBEASTLANT), in, Maritime Air Eastern Atlantic (MAIREASTLANT), in Northwood, United Kingdom, Maritime Air Northern Sub-Area (MAIRNORLANT), in Rosyth, United Kingdom, Maritime Air Central Sub-Area (MAIRCENTLANT), in Plymouth, United Kingdom, Western Atlantic Area (WESTLANT), in Norfolk, United States, Ocean Sub-Area (OCEANLANT), in Norfolk, United States, Island Command Bermuda (ISCOMBERMUDA), in, Submarine Force Western Atlantic (SUBWESTLANT), in Norfolk, United States, Striking Fleet Atlantic (STRIKFLTLANT), in Norfolk, United States, Carrier Striking Force (CARSTRIKFOR), in Norfolk, United States, Carrier Striking Group One (CARSTRIKGRUONE), in Norfolk, United States, Carrier Striking Group Two (CARSTRIKGRUTWO), in Plymouth, United Kingdom, Submarines Allied Command Atlantic (SUBACLANT), in Norfolk, United States, Nore Sub-Area Channel Command (NORECHAN), in Rosyth, United Kingdom, Plymouth Sub-Area Channel Command (PLYMCHAN), in, Benelux Sub-Area Channel Command (BENECHAN), in, Allied Maritime Air Force Channel (MAIRCHAN), in Northwood, United Kingdom, Maritime Air Nore Sub-Area Channel Command (MAIRNORECHAN), in Rosyth, United Kingdom, Maritime Air Plymouth Sub-Area Channel Command (MAIRPLYMCHAN), in Plymouth, United Kingdom, Standing Naval Force Channel (STANAVFORCHAN), afloat. May 22 2019 NATO CIS Group reinforcing NATO Response Force command and control in Romania BUCHAREST, Romania - Exercise Steadfast Cobalt 19, NATO’s Communications and Information Systems Group’s (NCISG) annual command and control structure exercise, continues in … Logistics committees, organisations and agencies, including: Production Logistics organisations, agencies and offices including the. Major NATO Exercise starts at SHAPE. Standardisation organisation, committee, office and agency including the NATO Standardization Agency which also plays an important role in the global arena of standards determination. T.D. The new German IV Corps was to be stationed in Eastern Germany, and was not to be associated with the NATO structure. ... the NATO Command Structure is adapting to become more robust, agile, and capable. Since its founding, the admission of new member states has increased the alliance from the original 12 countries to 30. Two were to be under German command, one with a U.S. division, one under Belgian command with a pending offer of a U.S. brigade, one under U.S. command with a German division, one under joint German-Danish command (LANDJUT), and one under Dutch command. The Strategic Commanders are responsible to the NATO Military Committee for the overall direction and conduct of all Alliance military matters within their areas of command. An additional 20 countries participate in NATO's Partnership for Peace program, with 15 other countries involved in institutionalized dialogue programs. Prior to the reorganization, the NATO website listed 43 different agencies and organizations and five project committees/offices as of 15 May 2008. [35] The division is tasked to coordinate the four NATO Enhanced Forward Presence battlegroups and to carry out Article 5 collective defence activities. The commander is based at SHAPE in Casteau, Belgium. When directed by the Supreme Allied Commander Europe (SACEUR), it provides the core of the headquarters responsible for the conduct of maritime operations. This C2 structure ranges from the political strategic level to the tactical level. It was dissolved following a major committee review in June 2010 and its responsibilities absorbed by the North Atlantic Council. [1] The decision-making body is the North Atlantic Council (NAC), and the member state representatives also sit on the Defence Planning Committee (DPC) and the Nuclear Planning Group (NPG). German Army Major General Josef Blotz, the Deputy Commander of Headquarters Eurocorps, visited NATO’s Joint Warfare Centre (JWC) on Monday, September 16, 2019. The Treaty of Brussels was a mutual defense treaty against the Soviet threat at the start of the Cold War. Joint Command Lisbon was a smaller HQ with no subordinate commands. '[8] They quickly decided to divide Allied Command Europe into three regions: Allied Forces Northern Europe, containing Scandinavia, the North Sea and the Baltic; Allied Forces Central Europe, and Allied Forces Southern Europe (AFSOUTH), covering Italy and the Mediterranean. At the four-day meeting, NATO leaders spoke to the importance of gender equality and offered ideas on how NATO can improve inclusive solutions for a modern alliance. He is a U.S. four-star general or admiral with the dual-hatted role of heading United States European Command. Dr. Thomas-Durell Young, Multinational Land Formations and NATO: Reforming Practices and Structures, Strategic Studies Institute, December 1, 1997. It was dissolved following a major committee review in June 2010 and its responsibilities absorbed by the North Atlantic Council. NATO Military Command Structure. In early 2015, in the wake of the War in Donbass, meetings of NATO ministers decided that Multinational Corps Northeast would be augmented so as to develop greater capabilities, to, if thought necessary, prepare to defend the Baltic States, and that a new Multinational Division Southeast would be established in Romania. [32] Subordinate ACT organizations include the Joint Warfare Centre (JWC) located in Stavanger, Norway (in the same site as the former Norwegian Armed Forces National Joint HQ); the Joint Force Training Centre (JFTC) in Bydgoszcz, Poland; and the Joint Analysis and Lessons Learned Centre (JALLC) in Monsanto, Portugal. It also directed KFOR in Kosovo. Reduced national force structures, new NATO roles and missions emanating from the military implementation of Alliance Strategy and the rapid reaction requirements associated with the embryonic Combined Joint Task Forces (CJTF) concept are but three of a multitude of inter-related issues. The aim was to prepare students for their duties in the planning, administration, and execution of LL Staff Officer functions and services within NATO. It was dissolved following a major committee review in June 2010 and its responsibilities absorbed by the North Atlantic Council. If NATO can improve implementation and advance mainstreaming within its organization, others will take note. Also responsible to the NAC, DPC, and NPG are a host of committees that supervise the various NATO logistics and standardisation agencies. The Defence Planning Committee was a former senior decision-making body on matters relating to the integrated military structure of the Alliance. During a crisis, the command will be able to draw on as many as 600 personnel. The Standing Group was abolished during the major reform of 1967 that resulted from France's departure from the NATO Military Command Structure.[7]. The Information Division, besides providing material about NATO for the use of member governments, (it does not engage in independent operations), is also the press and public relations branch of the civilian authority. It was signed on 17 March 1948 by Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxembourg, France, and the United Kingdom and was the precursor to NATO. It is financed with contributions from national defense budgets according to agreed cost shares. France has notably deployed over 300 personnel within NATO’s enhanced Forward Presence in the Baltic States and announced, during the Defence Ministers Meeting in February 2019, a substantial contribution to NATO’s Readiness Initiative (one brigade, three air squadrons and three ships, i.e. Allied Maritime Command (MARCOM) is the central command of all NATO maritime forces and the Commander MARCOM is the prime maritime advisor to the Alliance. The NCS consists of two strategic commands: Allied Command Operations (ACO) and Allied Command Transformation (ACT). The Defence Planning Committee was a former senior decision-making body on matters relating to the integrated military structure of the Alliance. [27] The alliance created several NATO Rapid Deployable Corps and naval High Readiness Forces (HRFs), which all report to Allied Command Operations. A new NATO Science and Technology (S&T) Organization will be created before July 2012, consisting of Chief Scientist, a Programme Office for Collaborative S&T, and the NATO Undersea Research Centre (NURC). All agencies and organizations integrated into either the civilian administrative or military executive roles. The 2019 military budget is 7.2% above the 2018 level. … [11] A third was added when Allied Command Channel was established on 21 February 1952 to control the English Channel and North Sea area and deny it to the enemy, and protect the sea lanes of communication. The NATO Undersea Research Centre (NURC) at La Spezia, Italy, was also part of ACT until it was shifted under the auspices of the NATO Science & Technology Organization. The establishment of the Joint Support and Enabling Command is part of NATO’s increased deterrence and defence in response to a changed security environment. In NATO: The First Five Years Lord Ismay described the civilian structure as follows:[5]. The Divisions' tasks are to prepare, in close touch with delegations, proposed action in their respective fields for consideration by the appropriate committee or by the Council. He received his wings in 1986 and was a front line aviator at the age of 20. General Jörg Vollmer assumed command of Allied Joint Force Command Brunssum on April 22nd, 2020.He is one of two operational-level commanders in the NATO Command Structure, reports directly to the Supreme Allied Commander Europe, and is primarily responsible for … In 1966, when French president Charles de Gaulle withdrew French forces from the military command structure, NATO's headquarters was forced to move to Belgium. guides NATO’s overall implementation with three key NATO principles: inclusion, integration, and integrity. The NATO Command Structure (February 2018) NATO Media Backgrounders : Background on NATO Command Structure Review (June 2011) Background on Agency Reform (June 2011) NATO News : NATO's new Atlantic command declared operational (17 September 2020) New NATO command declared operational (17 September 2019) NATO Defence Ministers take decisions to strengthen the … John Borawski, Thomas-Durell Young, NATO After 2000: The Future of the Euro-Atlantic Alliance. To implement these measures, NATO will create thirty new posts in 2019. This was due to the two states' geographic distance from the LANDSOUTH headquarters, as well as political disagreements over which nation should be the overall commander for their ground forces. By June 1991, it was clear that Allied Forces Central Europe (a Major Subordinate Command) could be reduced, with the Soviet threat disappearing. However, the very value by which nations hold the structure has resulted in a difficult and time-consuming reorganization process, which has produced only limited reforms. A new NATO command in the German city of Ulm achieved initial operating capability on Tuesday (17 September 2019). There is also an ACT command element located at SHAPE in Mons, Belgium. [37] In March 2018 Chair of the Military Committee General Petr Pavel announced that the new Atlantic command would become part of the NATO Force Structure at the level of a Joint Force Command, similar to the two that exist at Brunssum and Naples. It will also ensure rapid forward deployment of allied reinforcements. He is responsible for supervising the general processing of the work of the Council and their committees, including provision of all secretarial assistance, as well as supervision of the administrative services of the Staff/Secretariat itself. [2][3] Below that the Secretary General of NATO directs the civilian International Staff, that is divided into administrative divisions, offices and other organizations. The British made strong representations in discussions regarding the Mediterranean NATO command structure, wishing to retain their direction of NATO naval command in the Mediterranean to protect their sea lines of communication running through the Mediterranean to the Middle East and Far East.[9]. [38] The name was confirmed as Joint Force Command Norfolk at the NATO Summit in July. On 22 October 2019, the Assistant Secretary General for Intelligence and Security, Ambassador Arndt Freytag von Loringhoven, the Deputy Assistant Secretary General for Intelligence, Major General Raúl Escribano, and the Supreme Allied Command Transformation Representative in Europe, Brigadier General Eduard Simion, hosted 12 Centres of Excellence (COEs), at NATO HQ, to … Current organisation of the Command Structure NATO’s Command Structure is under the authority of the Military Committee, NATO’s highest military authority composed of the Chiefs of Defence of all twenty-nine member countries. The Structure of the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation is complex and multi-faceted. The military budget, which funds the NATO command structure, for 2019 is $1.54 million. Euro-Atlantic Disaster Response Coordination Centre (EADRCC), NATO Public Diplomacy Division’s Co-Sponsorship Grants. The Strategic Commanders are the former 'Major NATO Commanders', who sat atop a command hierarchy consisting of Major Subordinate Commanders (MSCs), Principal Subordinate Commanders (PSCs) and Sub-PSCs. It will be commanded by the Vice Admiral who leads the United States Second Fleet.[39]. The Defence Planning Committee which directs its output to the Division of Defence Policy and Planning, a nominally civilian department that works closely with the Military Committee's International Military Staff.[4]. The Defence Planning Committee was a former senior decision-making body on matters relating to the integrated military structure of the Alliance. In 1952, after Greece and Turkey joined the Alliance,[10] Allied Land Forces South-Eastern Europe (LANDSOUTHEAST) was created in Izmir, Turkey, under a U.S. Army General. [34] Headquarters Multinational Division South – East (HQ MND-SE) is a North Atlantic Council (NAC) activated NATO military body under operational command (OPCOM) of Supreme Allied Commander Europe (SACEUR) which may be employed and deployed in peacetime, crisis and operations. Articles Archive Articles (2020) Articles (2019) Articles (2018) Articles (2017) Web articles (2015) ... LSM.LV, 8 January 2019. The military budget covers the operating costs of NATO Command Structure headquarters and programmes, missions and operations around the world. The establishment of the Joint Support and Enabling Command is part of NATO’s increased deterrence and defence in response to a changed security environment. Most of the headquarters were absorbed within ACE, particularly within the new Allied Forces Northwestern Europe.[16]. [7] After Eisenhower arrived in Paris in January 1951, he and the other members of the multinational Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe (SHAPE) Planning Group immediately began to devise a structure for the new Allied Command Europe. As such it appears to duplicate, in part, the work of the Permanent Joint Board on Defence. [2], The NATO Military Command Structure consists of two strategic commands and is directed by the International Military Staff:[23], The commands under SACEUR - Allied Joint Force Command Brunssum, Allied Joint Force Command Naples and Joint Force Command Norfolk are Operational Level Commands, while Headquarters Allied Air Command, Headquarters Allied Maritime Command and Headquarters Allied Land Command are Tactical Level Commands. Air Traffic Management and Air Defence committees, working groups organisation and centre including the: NATO Consultation, Command and Control Organisation (. [6] The Military Committee had an executive body, the Standing Group, made up of representatives from France, the United States, and the United Kingdom. Keith Blount is the Commander of NATO's Allied Maritime Command. On 12 June 2003 NATO ministers announced an end to the decades-old structure of a command each for the Atlantic and Europe. 15 - 17 October - Lotto Expo, Mons, Belgium NATO Information Assurance Symposium 2019 Digital Transformation - smart machines for smarter decisions 10. (b) Coordinate plans with SACLANT and other NATO Commands. By clicking on the link above you get access to the listing of the NATO Security Mechanisms ... to the NATO HQ, the Command Structure and NATO Agencies. [19] They included: In the twenty-first century NATO has an extensive civilian structure, including: The Defence Planning Committee (DPC) is normally composed of Permanent Representatives, but meets at the level of Defence Ministers at least twice a year. [40] All the others were subsumed into Allied Command Europe and Allied Command Atlantic. The ..Office of the Secretary General [is] directed by an Executive Secretary, Captain R.D. It deals with most defence matters and subjects related to collective defence planning. Activation of the new RC SOUTH occurred in September 1999, and in March 2000 Headquarters AFNORTHWEST closed and the new RC NORTH was activated. The new Agencies' structure will build upon the existing one:[43], NATO's Military Committee: focused on operations, capabilities and cooperation. A new NATO command in the German city of Ulm achieved initial operating capability on Tuesday (17 September 2019). Thus the Secretariat provides secretaries to all the Council's principal committees and working groups - apart from those of a strictly technical nature - and ensures co-ordination between them. [31] Allied Air Command Izmir was reorganised as Allied Land Command. NATO's military operations are directed by the Chairman of the NATO Military Committee and split into two Strategic Commands, both long commanded by U.S. officers, assisted by a staff drawn from across NATO. In 2019, the JALLC was tasked to engage with thirteen NATO Command Structure HQs, with the purpose of providing training, conducting an assessment of the HQs’ implementation of NATO Lessons Learned Capability in the HQs, and subsequently providing recommendations to sustain, maintain, and improve the relevant HQs implementation efforts. NATO Maritime Air Command (COMMARAIR) NATO Submarine Command (COMSUBNATO) NATO Shipping Centre: Headquarters Allied Air Command (HQ AIRCOM) - Ramstein, DE : Combined Air Operations Centre (CAOC) Torrejón: Combined Air Operations Centre (CAOC) Uedem: Deployable Air Command and Control Centre (DACCC) Headquarters Allied Land Command (HQ LANDCOM) - Izmir, TR

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