PhD Techno-economic assessment of the commercial viability of organic fertilizer production processes and products Application Deadline: 15/02/2021 18:00 - Europe/Brussels Contact Details. Still, they should also strive to upgrade physical infrastructure and facilities and provide credit services to create an enabling environment that can empower the citizen in adopting large scale use of agricultural machinery for long term sustainability of organic farming. At the current time this company does not prepare a formal Viability Report. Three hundred and forty-one observations from Pakistan and 280 observations from Malaysia were acquired through questionnaire; while, confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modelling was applied for the analysis. Soil nutrient tests show that organic farms tend to better conserve soil fertility and system stability than conventional farms. to organic farming addressing the issues related to its coverage, financial support during the conversion period, creation of linkages among the farmers, processors, traders and consumers, inspection and certification of organic products and increasing the public awareness of the benefits of organic agriculture along with the ill social and personal potential must be comprehended by policy makers and other stakeholders. Business viability looks at a business' long-term survival and profitability. Farming with organic methods gives smaller crops as compared to artificial farming. The future values of various inputs are obtained by estimating a separate ARIMA model for each input for each province and then making dynamic forecasts for the required forecasting period using the time series data from 1979-2006. The cases are located in six countries (Argentina, Costa Rica, the Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Guatemala and Mexico) with different policies towards organic agriculture and various degrees of development of the institutions dealing with it, and they include diverse products (coffee, banana, cacao, vegetables, sugar cane and honey) that posed different technical and marketing problems for small producers. It implied that potential exists in organic farming system that can be explored by improving the availability of canal water. Benefits of Diversity, United Nations Development Programme, New York. $= mean values; Standard errors are in parenthesis, 6. The alternatives appear difficult to implement quickly, so it appears likely that in the short to medium term more groundwater will be consumed, with attendant problems of water quality and sustainability. Since water costs money (and increasingly so), drought tolerant farming systems mean cheaper food production over time. The scarcity of data in the literature on consumer demand for organic food in both countries (Pakistan and Malaysia) and the high incidence of food safety controversies, such as contaminated meat, milk and vegetables, showed the value of evaluating the demand for local organic products (RIEGER et al., 2016). The results of model evaluation showed that LARS-WG had appropriate prediction for climatic parameters and simulation of stochastic growing season in future climate change conditions for the studied region. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation. Moreover, canal irrigation has a significant positive effect on maintaining soil fertility and system sustainability as opposed to ground water. This reduction in B1 scenario was less than A1B and A2 scenarios. farmers from buying machinery. However, not much has been done regarding economic analysis of aquaculture production to attract and guide investment. tenure arrangements, has been employed in this analysis. conventional soil cultivation of rice and wheat crops. In the second half of the article the fullfillment of aims concerning the protection of water by the organic farming will be scrutinized. These promising results, based on robust analysis of a larger meta-dataset, suggest that appropriate investment in agroecological research to improve organic management systems could greatly reduce or eliminate the yield gap for some crops or regions. ment’s fixed support price (PKR 1300/40KG). among farmers in the cotton belt of Punjab, Pakistan. This paper attempts to, Urbanization and low productivity are real threats to the sustainability of organic farming. Farmers’ tentative adoption of commercial organic farming will largely depend on how demand for organically farmed food continues to grow. For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: (AgEcon Search). ... An Assessment of Economic Viability of Organic Farming in P akistan . Farming Research Foundation Information Bulletin, 10. Some other researchers (Muneshwar et al., 2001;Ahmad et al., 2008;Rashid et al., 2016) also observed that the application of FYM and compost increased the growth of maize and wheat crop. mitigation strategy in developing countries. Furthermore, one should be mindful that agriculture, If we consider the available remedial measures, pose a viable alternative to farm size expansion (Beuchelt & Zeller, 2011. feasibility compared with traditional farming practices (De Ponti, Liebhardt, 2001). (2) ... geologically to have the economic considerations applied to them that. The profitability of transitioning to organic grain crops in Indiana. Š3.4.1.2. Retailing, Packaging and Labelling should also be better managed to promote organic products. The results show that hydro power plants are the best source of electricity generation followed by wind, solar, and coal. The growing demand for machinery has resulted in comparatively more developed rental marketplaces for irrigation, tillage and other post-harvest procedures. the labour used by Indian organic farms was lower than on conventional farms. Firstly, current paper reviews country's policy structure which enabled the existence of such machinery markets. Maximum wheat LAI in all scenarios, except scenario A1B in 2050, is decreased compared to the current situation. waterlogging in the Indus Basin of Pakistan. This study was carried out to assess the profitability and viability of the aquaculture enterprises in central Uganda. At commercial level organic farming, being propagated in the state, is economically not viable. Research has also shown that health and environmental hazards of pesticides can be avoided by awareness, education and changing farmer’s attitude and behaviour regarding pesticide use [Dasgupta, et al. It is understood that reduced output with higher input costs can contribute to, increased OF’s viability compared to all other. First, organic farmers buy fewer inputssuch as fertilizer and pesticides. American journal of agricultural economics, 91. 2186 per ha is realizing that organic farming was economically viable and profitable over inorganic paddy farming in the study area. Despite the recognised advantages of organic farming, concerns remain over the differences in organic farms' productivity and financial sustainability compared to conventional farming competitors. In detail, owner-farmers with secure rental arrangements invested more in improving their land and productivity compared to those with unsecured lease agreements. organic farms use an equivalent amount of water as conventional farms. The objective of the present report is to try to ascertain, to some degree, the economic and financial viability of organic growing systems, compared with conventional systems. Organic farming gives low productivity of vegetables such as potatoes in the same areas where the conventional farming produces more. Mean price per 40KG of wheat for organic and conventional farming in, Mean profit per hectare of wheat for organic and conventional farming in, All figure content in this area was uploaded by Muhammad Waqar Akram, An Assessment of Economic Viability of Organic Farming in P. Akram, M.W. use of surface water and groundwater resources in semi-arid areas: a case study from, Rigby, D., & Cáceres, D. (2001). Farm machinery can also increase farmland yield and reduce the need for labor, although the requirement of significant capital investment often prevents small farmers from buying machinery. Clark, S. F. (2009). Instead, we found the novel result that two agricultural diversification practices, multi-cropping and crop rotations, substantially reduce the yield gap (to 9 ± 4% and 8 ± 5%, respectively) when the methods were applied in only organic systems. The aim of this research was to compare organic and conventional hazelnut producers, in terms of their socioeconomic characteristics, production systems and economic performance. thesis (unpublished). In addition, fuel resources and the cost of CO 2 compression, transport, and storage … For example, we found no significant differences in yields for leguminous versus non-leguminous crops, perennials versus annuals or developed versus developing countries. The results of the study show that first, second, third, and fourth important inputs in ranking in wheat production per hectare are lag output per hectare, labor force per hectare, number of tractors per hectare, and sum of the rainfall in the months of November to March, respectively in all the four provinces. © 2008-2021 ResearchGate GmbH. A total of 301 organic farmers were surveyed in three districts of Punjab, Pakistan. In this article, we provide insight into the impact of different variables of farmers on the adoption of agricultural equipment. 65% of the population either directly or indirectly, while ultimately. The results suggested that there is a dire need to fill the gap between extension workers and cotton growers. A number of constraints in adoption of organic farming are shown in … To reduce these risks, the impact of climate change mitigation strategies and management systems for crop adaptation to climate change conditions should be considered. The data is collected from Sheikhupura district for the Rabi season crops both from conventional and organic farming systems and 15 farmers from each system are interviewed. The availability of more credit facilities through banks, awareness through media, exports and domestic markets for organic products and encouragement to farmers to produce only organic products will help in this direction. Carpenter, D. (2003). General contact details of provider: http://edirc.repec.org/data/aeraiea.html . Irrigation, Region and Experience Effects on Yield, Table 2: Yield (KG) of wheat per hectare for organic and conventional farming in, $= mean values; Standard errors are in parenthesis; * = Significant (P, Table 3: Yield (KG) of wheat per hectare for organic and conventional District wise. The aim of this study was to simulate the effects of climate change on the maturity period, leaf area index (LAI), biomass and grain yield of wheat under future climate change for the Sistan and Baluchestan region in Iran. 4. The analytical network process approach has been applied that uses the principle of multi-criteria decision making to rank and evaluate the four alternatives of electricity generation. Based on these private and public benefits, we argue that organic agriculture should be encouraged to ensure sustainable agricultural practices in Pakistan. The present study applied data envelopment analysis to evaluate the technical, allocative, and cost-efficiency of the cotton farmers. Although organic agriculture has an untapped role to play when it comes to the establishment of sustainable farming systems, no single approach will safely feed the planet. Considering the contraction of land under cotton cultivation in Pakistan due to low economic incentives, the present study is intended to estimate the cost and revenue along with different factors affecting the cotton production in southern Punjab. This study demonstrates that the mediations of innovativeness and agility significantly affect the development of new financial products to make agile the financial flow, which in turn positively influences value chain competitiveness. 6. Marriott are prominent organic customers. There is an increased need to comprehend all relevant elements associated with farming machinery procurement and service delivery. It was found that the most common machinery concerned herein are tube-well/pumps, tractors, tillage machinery, and thrashers/harvesters. The adoption of farm machinery plays a vital role in overcoming these threats to ensure a sustainable and more profitable organic farming model. Net income and output-input ratio was higher in organic farm. In this article, we provide insight into the impact of different variables of farmers on the adoption of agricultural equipment. The regression results revealed that farming experience, education, land preparation cost, and irrigation cost has a positive impact on total revenue, whereas, chemicals and fertilizers cost showed a negative effect. To increase the efficiency and sustainability of production: Organic farming can help to reduce production costs (especially where labor is cheap compared to input costs) and to increase or stabilize yields on marginal soils. However, the extensive use of such pesticide results in substantial health and environmental threats. Sher, F., & Ahmad, E. (2008). consequence of the ‘transition effect’, the, differences of certain crops or regions. products being largel y non-ex istent, world-renowned hotels in Islamabad such as Serena and . We didn’t find any true market leaders for our coconut oil for hair products rather a very fragmented market of manufacturers and retailers. Climate change is one of the major challenges facing humanity in the future and effect of climate change has been detrimental to agricultural industry. significant than cotton in the sampling area. Our aim in this paper is to examine the implications of continued population growth on the required production of food and the implied water demand. Organic farming is a natural method of cultivation of farms. Profitability is a fundamental economic variable, absence of government subsidies, certification problems and, most significantly, surface water. Nicaragua's organic and fairtrade coffee producers. The mean difference’s int. Results from a multinomial probit estimation showed that farm machinery ownership is positively correlated with capital assets, civil infrastructure, alternative sources of power, and credit facility. Women are less educated in such families. In order to facilitate the advancement and investment of such machinery more effectively, it is necessary to better understand the associated factors with the purchase of agricultural machinery and the provision of services. Farmers use pesticide to protect their crops from pests which in-turn help them maximise agricultural output on limited acres of land. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to establish and empirically test a theoretical model to explore how agility and innovativeness in organic food value chain finance are achieved through ITI, TRST, CG, ICT, and IS, and how these, in turn, can accelerate financial flow in the value chain and enhance competitiveness. LARS-WG model was used for simulating climatic parameters for each period and CERES-Wheat model was used to simulate wheat growth. This clearly depicts that conventional farming system has exhausted and no further potential exists for improvement in profit without increasing the area. Timing is crucial, especially for an upstart. More intensive labour requirements are a distinctive characteristic of, meals. The Benefit Cost Ratio is also higher for organic crops which suggest that farmers can get higher profits by moving from conventional to organic crops. The adoption of farm machinery plays a vital role in overcoming these threats to ensure a sustainable and more profitable organic farming model. Nevertheless, both kinds of farming suffer from a 'middle man' cartel. The challenge of cheap, clean, and sustainable energy supply is faced by all countries. Viability is different from solvency and liquidity. Keywords farming systems comparison in the tropics, organic agriculture in developing countries, sustainable development 1 A wealth of experience, but so far no systematic evaluation The magnitude of the results varied across both countries; however, attitude, subjective norms and health consciousness, as well as their interaction terms, were significant predictors, whereas, perceived behavioural control and its knowledge interaction terms had insignificant impacts on the purchase intentions of consumers for both countries. Findings also suggest that institutions and policy making authorities not only need to focus on short projects to encourage adoption of machinery, also there must be a continuous attention to improve physical and civilian infrastructure & services, and ensuring the availability of credit to create an favorable conditions where agricultural machinery is most likely to be used. Table 4: Mean price per 40KG of wheat for organic and conventional farming in. In general, the results showed that wheat production in the future will be affected by climate change and will decrease in the studied region. The yield per hectare was the highest for owner cultivation farm, while sharecropper output seemed the lowest, which are in agreement with the hypothesis of Marshallian inefficiency. Creating a viable business means having a good marketing strategy and keeping a close eye on your financials. The use of chemical fertilisers have adverse effect on soil fertility, soil layers', health of people and animals in district. Usually, labour costs are calculated per hour, however for thi, Therefore, it was possible to calculate the Return on Investment (ROI) by dividing the. Compared to agricultural lands on lease contracts, landowners involved in agribusiness are more likely to invest in measures to improve soil and increase productivity. In total, the study covered 14 farmer groups comprising more than 5 100 small farmers with about 2 hectares (ha) each, who cultivated a total of more than 9 000 ha. However, in profit maximization of conventional farming system with LP, the shadow price of land is observed to be highest followed by canal water, implying that land and canal water are crucial factors to increase the profitability of poor farmers in conventional farming system. The multinomial logit regression result shows that those farmers are using the chemical fertilisers have less education, age, irrigated land. However, smallholders continually face severe problems in getting finance that lead to reduce investment and in turn, challenges the livelihoods. The organic farming system is found to be more profitable under the assumption of zero opportunity cost of family labourers. By considering four different types of power plants, i.e., Coal, Hydro, Solar, and wind, with four essential criteria of Technical, Economic, Life Quality, and Socioeconomic and 11 sub-criterias, the appropriate model has been formulated consisting of goals, criteria, sub-criteria, and alternatives. ". Groundwater over-exploitation in Punjab and other areas has resulted, levels. determine the suitability of existing power plants installed under the umbrella of CPEC in Pakistan. accelerated, given that the profit balance will be inclined towards OF. Lotter, D. W. (2003). Most significantly, the cost of. The present study aimed to identify the elements of the Theory of Planned Behaviour along with health consciousness and determine the role of knowledge as a moderating variable in Pakistan and Malaysia. Organic matter in the soil also increases the soil’s water holding capacity, reducing pressure on water resources and making organic farms more resilient to drought. Those farmers are using the poultry manure have more physical and animal assets, land holding, irrigation facilities, expenditure on health, education, income and education and experience of farmers. Alex is the Director of Design at Crowd Favorite. The findings indicated that policymakers and stakeholders should not concentrate merely on short term planning, such as improving agricultural machinery's adoption rate. critical assessment of farm profitability. Organic farming requires promotion in Pakistan due to its economic and ecological feasibility. Here, we revisit this topic comparing organic and conventional yields with a new meta-dataset three times larger than previously used (115 studies containing more than 1000 observations) and a new hierarchical analytical framework that can better account for the heterogeneity and structure in the data. various sources (canal, tube well, solar energy, electricity, and peter) were collected. However, in Khanewal, OF’s irrigation costs are below those of conventional farming. When a full organic premium was applied, though, the average net return from organic production rose to $538/ac, significantly outperforming the conventional systems both in … This research will help to further understand about consumer perception in the purchase of organic food items, which will assist retailers, advertisers and manufacturers in developing strategies for such products. It was found that the most common machinery concerned herein are tube-well/pumps, tractors, tillage machinery, and thrashers/harvesters. Overall, organic wheat's input costs are 19.09% lower than conventional crops. Commercial Coconut Oil Hair Products - These are products produced by businesses large and small and contain a proprietary blend of ingredients to create a unique and perceived better final product. Organic agriculture increases self-confidence and mobilizes new partnerships. Development of Organic farming in Pakistan, Socioeconomics Determinants to Adopt Agricultural Machinery for Sustainable Organic Farming in Pakistan: A Multinomial Probit Model, Estimating the economic and production efficiency of cotton growers in Southern Punjab, Pakistan, Effect of Farm Yard Manure and Compost Application on Transgenic BT Cotton Varieties, CR-2019-0842.R1-corrected-by-the-author-03.04.2020 (1), Consumer preferences toward organic food and the moderating role of knowledge: a case of Pakistan and Malaysia, Impact of Land Use Rights on the Investment and Efficiency of Organic Farming, Application of structural equation modelling to develop a conceptual model for smallholder’s credit access: The mediation of agility and innovativeness in organic food value chain finance, Study on the Socioeconomic Factors Affecting Adoption of Agricultural Machinery, The Adoption of Organic Agriculture Among Small Farmers in Latin America and the Caribbean, Organic agriculture in the twenty-first century, Economics of organic and conventional hazelnut production in the Terme district of Samsun, Turkey, Diversification practices reduce organic to conventional yield gap, Economics of conventional and partial organic farming systems and implications for resource utilization in Punjab (Pakistan), Assessing climate change impacts on wheat production (a case study), Using the Health Belief Model to Understand Pesticide Use Decisions, Agricultural production, water use and food availability in Pakistan: Historical trends, and projections to 2050, Pesticide use and risk perceptions among farmers in the cotton belt of Punjab, Pakistan, Strategic Human Resource Management and Innovativeness, Assessment of millennial organic food consumption and moderating role of food neophobia in Pakistan. According to BCR, medium farmers obtained 1.27 by investing one rupee in cotton production followed by large and small farmers 1.11 and 1.07, respectively. (2005a)]. Rough estimates show that 20,000 workers dying from exposure every year and most of them from developing countries. M. Sc. Does Land Tenure Systems Affect Sustainable Agricultural Development? over the longer term (Samie et al., 2010). 4. Organic farming's initial acceptance by farmers commercially will be fundamentally affected by organic consumer demand and market prices, which will ultimately determine whether organic farming production endures. Farmers are using chemical fertilisers and pesticides for high yields, big size, good shape and colour of fruits, grains and vegetables. Non Technical Summary This proposal outlines a research strategy to generate information on the economic dimensions of Black soldier fly (BSF) [hermetia illucens] larvae to reduce organic waste streams while producing valuable animal proteins, biodiesel feedstocks, soil amendments, and industrial/pharmaceutical products at the farm, non-farm commercial, and community/municipal level. Thus, the present study could provide new ways to integrate the value chain partners, through information and communication technology and governance arrangements in the organic food value chain financing.
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