Since all SCO member states have interests in Afghanistan and support different groups in the country, it is imperative that using the SCO platform, these states develop a joint strategy to address the Afghanistan problem and ISIS threat. Now that the UN Security Council has blessed the Iranian nuclear deal, Tehran’s chances of becoming a full member of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) in coming years have improved, following a decade of rejection.Iranian leaders have long wanted to join the SCO to gain diplomatic, economic, and security advantages. Many in India thought it is not the end and Pakistan would … ˜e Shanghai process, launched in the late 1990s with a focus on confidence-building Discover … Will New Delhi and Islamabad be able to act maturely and adopt the SCO’s spirit of regionalism? security challenges—most notably terrorism— emerging in the late 1990s. Other cases in point include Russia’s recent support for Islamabad’s positions on membership in the Nuclear Suppliers Group and terrorist sanctuaries on the Afghan side of the Durand line. as a member is fraught with multiple challenges, linking with complexed geopolitical environment. On its part, India is extremely critical of the China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) as well as China’s Belt and Road Initiative. Qingdao SCO 18th Summit takeaways are mutual respect, shared economic prosperity, and security coordination (China. Pakistan provides natural link and route for other SCO members to access the Indian Ocean. Richard Weitz. The SCO has emerged as a major player in regional and global affairs. China is the SCO’s key member, and India-China relations are defined by strategic competition and security concerns. 18 S. M. Hali, “Impact of Pakistan‟s SCO … SCO membership provides Islamabad with an avenue to explore opportunities for importing oil and gas from the Central Asian states, primarily Uzbekistan, Tajikistan and Kazakhstan. Some have described it as the beginning of a new organization resembling the Warsaw Pact (or a “NATO of the East”). The SCO emerged out of the Shanghai Five, created in 1996 with China, Russia, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan and Tajikistan as founding members. Yet from Islamabad’s perspective, the main question is what it can offer the SCO and what it can gain from its membership in the organization. In 2016, India and Pakistan signed a memorandum of obligation. This development in the SCO’s history raises several important questions, including how it will affect the SCO’s ability to function as a regional alliance; to what extent the inclusion of new members indicates a power struggle between Moscow and Beijing; how deep rooted this struggle is and how it will affect the SCO. While India can use the SCO to voice its concerns over Islamabad’s alleged support for terrorism in India, China has so far supported Pakistan on this issue, including through its recent veto to a UN resolution designating Masood Azhar of Jaish-e-Muhammad a wanted terrorist. Islamabad has so far failed to tackle it, but is developing an energy policy to address the problem. Further, the combination of the full realization of the CPEC – which has already delivered a Chinese investment of $56 bn in Pakistan – and new opportunities from the SCO is likely to increase the volume of the bilateral trade to $150 bn.84 84 Surendra S. Y. Kumar, “China's SAARC Membership: The Debate,” International Journal of China Studies, 6‐3 (2015), p. 305. The SCO membership will provide Islamabad with an opportunity to initiate and revive a number of projects using the SCO platform. The One Belt One Road Initiative, of which CPEC is an integral part, is a manifestation of this order. The National Interest, November 14, 2020. hina’s ‘elt and Road’ Initiative – Challenges and Opportunities German Development Institute / Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik (DIE) 5 In Indonesia, a financing framework of 3 billion US$ has been agreed upon in an Memorandum of Understanding between the Chinese and Indonesian governments in 2015, with altogether 52 While it is too early to predict the impact of the India–Pakistan rivalry on the SCO, dominant scholarship highlights the likelihood of a negative influence. The fourth section talks about Pakistan -SCO … Significance of SCO for Pakistan Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) can be termed as vital and significant for Pakistan owing to the following facts: It is an important cooperation bloc for Pakistan where it can seek the economic help from major regional … Ladies and Gentlemen, 1. As Pakistan’s former Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif aptly pointed out: “Pakistan provides the natural link between the SCO states to connect the Eurasian heartland with the Arabian Sea and South Asia … We offer the critical overland routes and connectivity for mutually beneficial trade and energy transactions intra-regionally and inter-regionally.” While this prospect provides immense opportunities for all SCO members, it also indicates a challenge for Islamabad. The National Interest, October 5, 2020. For these reasons, India’s SCO membership will not increase its ability to put pressure on Pakistan. India And SCO: Opportunities And Challenges Print. Four Economic Response Scenarios for Central Asia, July 2020. India can check the increasing Chinese influence in Eurasia and prevent any anti-Indian rhetoric at SCO from Pakistan’s side. The 18th SCO Summit, which was held in the coastal city of Qingdao in China, ended on a promising note. A number of Western, and especially U.S. scholars, view the SCO as a challenge to U.S. interests. After the Doklam crisis, another military confrontation between the two cannot be entirely ruled out. What opportunities! Pakistan’s PM Shahid Khaqan Abbasi highlighted the pivotal role that Islamabad can play in achieving the SCO’s objectives by serving as a bridge between Central and South Asia. How Did Armenia So Badly Miscalculate Its War with Azerbaijan? The rise of tensions between the two states is the first example of a high-level military confrontation between SCO members and directly challenges SCO harmony and stability. China, Pakistan and Russia are already in talks with the Taliban , India can volunteer to work upon a stable solution for crisis at Afghanistan crisis, much needed for peace in the region. He tweets at @SRizwanZeb. Four Economic Response Scenarios for Central Asia, The Central Asia-Caucasus Institute and Silk Road Studies Program Joint Center. 2018. The Central Asia-Caucasus Analyst is a biweekly publication of the Central Asia-Caucasus Institute & Silk Road Studies Program, a Joint Transatlantic Research and Policy Center affiliated with the American Foreign Policy Council, Washington DC., and the Institute for Security and Development Policy, Stockholm. He is also a consulting editor of the soon-to-be-launched weekly e-paper Pakistan Review. The Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) stands alone as an organization positioned to address the aforementioned challenges. In 2001, the Shanghai Five was expanded and renamed SCO with the inclusion of Uzbekistan. 6 Poonam Mann, “India's Membership in the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation: Opportunities and Challenges,” Journal of Air Power and Space Studies, 11(2), April-June 2016 pp. Gwadar port stands to become an important and effective trade outlet for the Central Asian States. In 2017, the year India and Pakistan became full members of the SCO, there was an exchange of pleasantries between the leaders of two countries, but no formal meeting was held. It has been pointed out that importing this conflict into the SCO risks impeding the functioning of the organization, as has been the case with the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation. 5 S.K. CONCLUSIONS: The SCO is an important regional alliance. At the 2015 summit at Ufa, Russia, the SCO reached and announced its decision to include Pakistan and India as members. India also needs to exercise caution in using the SCO to highlight the Kashmir problem, as China can raise the Tibet issue and India’s sheltering of the Dalai Lama in response. SCO and Pakistan. However, this attitude changed in recent years; while Moscow supported New Delhi’s bid for membership, Beijing, arguably the main player in the SCO, supported Islamabad’s bid. ISLAMABAD, Pakistan: Strategic experts from SCO-Member States are gathering in Islamabad on February 27 to share their viewpoints regarding challenges being faced by SCO- Member States and opportunities they can collectively shared. Analysis Svante E. Cornell, Can America Stop a Wider War between Armenia and Azerbaijan? The SCO is designed to facilitate intergovern-mental cooperation at a variety of different levels supported by a permanently functioning bureau- Introduction Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) formally Shanghai Five appeared in the arena of world politics in June Recently, Islamabad’s relations with Moscow have improved. Article S. Frederick Starr, America Inches Toward a Serious Central Asia Strategy, AFPC Defense Dossier, June 3, 2020. rhetoric at SCO from Pakistan’s side. This paper evaluates Pakistan’s perspective towards SCO, coupled with cost-benefit analysis for all stakeholders. Earlier this year, SCO‟s Qingdao declaration reinforced the Shanghai Spirit of mutual respect, mutual cooperation, and peaceful settlement of disputes. In his address at SCO Seminar on “Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) Challenges and Opportunities” organized by the Center for Global & … ... [Mains Article] SCO: Opportunities and Challenges for India Created Date: Yet contrary to general perception, India may not be able to use the SCO platform effectively against Pakistan. Significance of SCO for Pakistan. IMPLICATIONS: Islamabad faces a number of challenges at the regional and international levels and its SCO membership can be of help in addressing these challenges. Despite immense potential, Islamabad’s trade and economic relations with most SCO members, aside from China, are minimal. It is well-documented that China was reluctant to grant India SCO membership. There are numerous reasons for … SCO challenges and opportunities for Pakistan. Conversely, India’s PM Narendra Modi used this forum to continue his policy of isolating Pakistan in his first speech as an SCO member. However, in order to realize the potential benefits of Pakistan’s SCO membership, Islamabad needs to intensify its public diplomacy and improve its standing among the other member states by aligning its policy with other regional powers. After the meeting between PM Abbasi and Russian PM Medvedev on the sidelines of the SCO meeting, both expressed satisfaction with the evolution of bilateral relations including in defense cooperation. The partition was unacceptable to India, particularly Hindus, as they called the partition vivisection of their holy cow. across for accruing the opportunities it offers to China and Pakistan. Islamabad’s SCO membership will provide an opportunity to expand this bilateral relationship through the SCO platform, especially in the defense sector. America Inches Toward a Serious Central Asia Strategy, Discovering Opportunities in the Pandemic? Halting the conflict between Armenia and Azerbaijan: Russian Peacekeeping is not the Solution. Under the SCO banner Islamabad can provide SCO member states with preferential access to Gwadar. Pakistan and the SCO – Aspirations and Challenges! The paper also highlights various challenges being faced by both China and Pakistan in executing the vision and proposes way forward. 17 Qadir and Rehman, “Expansion of Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO): Harbinger of Regional Peace and Prosperity,” 122, 123. Op-ed Svante E. Cornell, Halting the conflict between Armenia and Azerbaijan: Russian Peacekeeping is not the Solution, Washington Times, October 20, 2020. The Shanghai Cooperation Organization’s (SCO) Council of Heads of Government (CHG) held its 16th meeting on November 30-December 1, 2017. When the Britishers left they partitioned the land of India and Pakistan was incepted on the face of Map. Iran and the SCO: New Opportunities, New Challenges . Book S. Frederick Starr, Eldar Ismailov, Nazim Muzaffarli, Basic Principles for the Rehabilitation of Azerbaijan’s Post-Conflict Territories, 2010. Let me begin by extending my thanks to the Brookings Institution, for the China, Pakistan and Russia are already in talks with the Taliban, India can volunteer to work upon a stable solution for crisis at Afghanistan crisis, much needed for peace in the region. Whether Islamabad will be able to meaningfully integrate into this regional block largely depends on overcoming this final obstacle. SCO significance for Pakistan.“ Pakistan acquired the status of observer in SCO (Shanghai Cooperation Organization) in 2005 and became full member in June 2017, along with India. Silk Road Paper Farrukh Irnazarov and Roman Vakulchuk, Discovering Opportunities in the Pandemic? Can America Stop a Wider War between Armenia and Azerbaijan? 16 Ahmad, “Shanghai Cooperation Organization: China, Russia, and Regionalism in Central Asia,” 7. During the 17th SCO summit in Kazakhstan’s capital Astana, President Nursultan Nazarbayev formally welcomed Pakistan and India as SCO members. It is a Eurasian political, economic and military organisation. Opportunities and Challenges for Pakistan as Permanent Member of the SCO Employing a cost-benefit analysis framework, Islamabad stands to gain more from being a permanent part of the SCO. The Pulwama attack and the unfolding state of crisis presented an ideal opportunity for both India and Pakistan to shore up their nationalist visions for South Asia. SCO Seminar in Pakistan: Speakers will discuss Challenges and Opportunities being faced by SCO-Member States. SCO 2019: Opportunities and challenges for India. The study concludes that notwithstanding challenges, the SCO provides opportunities for economic development and political cooperation between states. The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) has given a new impetus ... other hand, the CARs were facing challenges of state building including border security problems. Islamabad, Moscow, Tehran and Beijing are all seriously concerned over the emergence of the terrorist organization known as the Islamic State in Iraq and Syria (ISIS) and the future of Afghanistan. For 15 years, the Analyst has brought cutting edge analysis of the region geared toward a practitioner audience. adminlogin — June 5, 2019 comments off. Key Words: One Belt One Road, China Pakistan Economic Corridor, Win-Win Cooperation, Fate Changer for Pakistan, Regional Integration Introduction An important question is whether Indo-Pak rivalry will find another venue in the SCO. Zhao, H. S. (2006) The Shanghai Cooperation Organization at 5: achievements and challenges ahead. Swain, “India and SCO: Challenges and Opportunities ,”World Focus, 34 (12) December 2013 pp. Can the Improved Pakistan-Afghanistan Relationship Save the Afghan Peace Process? Silk Road Paper Svante E. Cornell and S. Frederick Starr, Kazakhstan's Role in International Mediation under First President Nursultan Nazarbayev, November 2020. The US-Taliban Deal and its Impact on Iran-Pakistan Relations, ISIS Reaps Gains From the Pakistan-India Rivalry in Afghanistan, Iran's COVID-19 and Pakistan's Vulnerability, Wither Afghanistan? The Shanghai Cooperation Organization’s (SCO) Council of Heads of Government (CHG) held its 16th meeting on November 30-December 1, 2017. e���d������w��/��f�)z�ţPe���FS�f�?I�p�Y6gK�y}�Ë�"��M�)8h��t�F�Z�)%/�l_S���K�m]m�;���w���%VZݰ�0{O�.\�&���D"с���] / ��N{T�e��U�/�L����]�U��x���A�5����@Z��^�2�;���\i�,l�M6�%�`+ It is unlikely that China would act otherwise in the SCO. Russia’s Role in the SCO and Central Asia: Challenges and Opportunities Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), created in 1991, the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO), created in 2002, and the Eurasian Economic Community (EEC), created in 2001. Nonetheless, both India and Pakistan continue to experiment with multilateral arrangements and both became members of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) in 2017. Is Islamabad ready to do this? 159-64. Pakistan’s mounting energy crisis needs immediate attention. China, along with its SCO partners, is developing and implementing the Silk World order. The inclusion of Islamabad provides the SCO with a link and route to South Asia and to the Indian Ocean. He is a former Benjamin Meaker professor, University of Bristol, UK; and visiting scholar of the India-South Asia Project, Foreign Policy program of the Brookings Institution, Washington DC, USA. Sign up for upcoming events, latest news and articles from the CACI Analyst, Pakistan in the SCO: Challenges and Prospects, Last modified on Thursday, 08 February 2018. 5�.���c���C>���jb0Cx� TyЍT�l�K���4{BE3M�@�-̦��4yS��J���6�Z�=,�ۿ,�WD%�)�E�:�|. Pakistan Maritime Sector and Exclusive Economic Zone: Opportunities, Challenges and Strategies Comprehensive policy-planning, coordination between institutions concerned and knowledge-management is required to benefit from Pakistan’s blue (maritime) wealth. It is indigenous in conception and construction and contains both China and Russia as member states. This membership brings along with it challenges, and a lot of opportunities for both the countries. Updated on 27 May, 2019. In the past, both China and Russia have repeatedly stated that the organization would not incorporate new members despite Pakistan and India’s active campaign for SCO membership. China and Eurasia Forum Quarterly, 4(3) 105 -123. Yet before such a contribution is possible, Islamabad needs to reach out to the other SCO member states, with which it shares historical and cultural ties, to improve relations and then develop a regional understanding on issues vital for all SCO members including on Afghanistan, Islamic radicalization and drugs. 2.5. he SCO faces new regional challenges SCO member states have already recognized the need of a regional framework to deal with the Afghan problem and have a great interest in seeing it paciic and stable (Katzman 2013). At the Meeting of the SCO Council of Heads of State, Prime Minister of Pakistan, Mian Muhammad Nawaz Sharif, optimistically termed Pakistan’s inclusion into the ambit of the grouping as a “turning point” in the history of the SCO and that it would prove to be a “watershed” in the changing geopolitical landscape of the Eurasian belt. On June 9, 2017, India became a full member of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation – a grouping one of whose primary objectives is to ensure stability on the borders of its members.1 This development came amidst India’s border standoff with China in the Sikkim sector and on-going ceasefire violations on the Line-of-Control with Pakistan, the two other members of the SCO. Dr Shabana Fayyaz Abstract Shanghai Cooperation Organization remains a pivot of opportunities and challenges for Pakistan. In 2005, Pakistan, India, Iran and Mongolia joined as observers. The SCO membership allows Pakistan to deal with its issues with India and Afghanistan under the SCO treaty on a long-term … IB JPakistan-India SCO Membership: Challenges & Opportunities une 29, 2017 Pakistan and India became full-members of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) on June 9, 2017 in Astana. The post explains “SCO significance for Pakistan. As a pivotal South Asian state, Pakistan can contribute positively to the SCO as well as learn from it. Analysis Svante E. Cornell, How Did Armenia So Badly Miscalculate Its War with Azerbaijan? In 2001, Uzbekistan joined these five states in the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. Currently, India-Pakistan relations are replete with examples of territorial conflict ( Kashmir, Sir Creek), security challenges ( terrorism), energy deficits and resource shortages (water scarcity), strategic uncertainty (arms race) and geopolitically (proxy war in Afghanistan). Moreover, if Pakistan’s relations with Russia improve further and China, Russia and Pakistan can reach an understanding on Afghanistan and the U.S. presence there, India would have to tread even more carefully as it would then have to decide which side to join and would risk losing its primary supporter in the SCO. As opposed to NATO, the UN, or the EU, the SCO does possess the necessary cultural understanding to implement a Organization (SCO), and people, especially young users, took more interest due to their features, such as portability, privacy, low cost and being more accessible for rural people, especially for the youth. At the SCO summit in June 2017, Pakistan’s former PM Sharif agreed with and welcomed a proposal made by Bottom of FormChinese President Xi Jinping on a five-year treaty for good neighborliness among SCO members. 125-44. 4(3), 105- 123. 1 PAKISTAN: CHALLENGES, OPPORTUNITIES AND SECURITY PERSPECTIVES. Both these issues impede positive development across the region. Pakistan’s PM Shahid Khaqan Abbasi highlighted the pivotal role that Islamabad can play in achieving the SCO’s objectives by serving as a bridge between Central and South Asia. Before 1947, Pakistan was the part of India, ruled by British and many other rulers, such as Muhammad Ghouri, Sher Shah Suri and the mighty Mughal empire. BACKGROUND: As Pakistan became an SCO member on June 9, 2017, Islamabad described this as an opportunity to improve its relations with the regional countries by facilitating trade through the Gwadar port, contributing to a regional solution to the Afghanistan issue, addressing its worsening energy crisis, as well as learning from and contributing to the SCO’s Regional Anti-Terrorist Structure (RATS). AUTHOR’S BIO: Rizwan Zeb, Ph.D., is associate editor of Journal of Asian Security and International Affairs (Sage). The purpose of this roundtable is to explore the significance and challenges to Pakistan’s bid for the membership of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) and analyze contemporary strategic and geo-political concerns related to regional connectivity and energy trade. Image source: By en.kremlin.ru, accessed on 2.8. ... About SCO Shanghai Cooperation Organisation was founded in Shanghai by the leaders of China, Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Tajikistan in the year 2001. The Great Game Takes a New Turn, Deepening Central Asian Nonproliferation Partnerships », Kazakhstan's Role in International Mediation under First President Nursultan Nazarbayev.
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